NAVY AND THE MARINE CORPS LASER HAZARDS CONTROL PROGRAM

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS (20350-2000) HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS (20350-3000) WASHINGTON DC OPNA V INSTRUCTION 5100.27C MARINE CORPS ORDER 5104.lD From: Chief of Naval Operations Commandant of the Marine Corps OPNA VINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID N09F 25 Jun 2025 Subj: NA VY AND THE MARINE CORPS LASER HAZARDS CONTROL PROGRAM Ref: See Enclosure 1 Encl: ( 1) References (2) Laser Classifications and Control Measures (3) Requirements for Military Exemption ( 4) Laser Safety Officer Training Requirements ( 5) Requirements and Procedures of the Laser Safety Review Board ( 6) Laser Use Requirements (7) Laser Hazard Control Program (8) Acronyms (9) Glossary 1. Purpose. To prescribe Navy and the Marine Corps policy and guidance in the identification and control of laser radiation hazards. This instruction has been extensively revised and must be read in its entirety. 2. Cancellation. OPNA V 5100.27B/MCO 5104.1 C. 3. Background. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (laser) are currently used in both commercial and military applications. The use of directed energy weapons, such as high energy, high power lasers and the appearance of unmitigated, hazardous stray laser energy from military applications has increased the probability of injury from laser exposure. Reference (a) Part 1040, references (b) through (z), reference (aa) Part 1926 and reference (ab) provide controls over laser design and operation for protection of personnel and equipment or contain specific information on various laser safety subjects. Enclosures (1) through (7) provide

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 requirements and guidance on various aspects of the Navy and the Marine Corps Laser Hazards Control Program (LHCP). Enclosure (8) provides a list of acronyms and enclosure (9) provides definitions for key words used in this instruction. 4. Policy. Department of the Navy (DON) policy is to ensure that personnel are not exposed to laser radiation in excess of the applicable Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) limits. During the design and development process, the policy is accomplished throughout the lifecycle of laser systems by identifying and controlling laser radiation hazards early. Additionally, the minimum laser radiation necessary for the intended application will be used. This instruction is mandatory for all Navy and the Marine Corps activities. For the purposes of this instruction, activities include but are not limited to, laboratories where laser systems are designed and developed, warfare centers, procuring agents, storage and maintenance facilities, range complexes, and training and operational commands. 5. Authority. Reference (k) requires that Department of Defense (DoD) Components establish and maintain a laser protection program. The expressly stated purpose is to protect DoD personnel from accidental death, injury, or occupational illness, and to protect the public from risk of death, injury, illness or property damage because of DoD activities. Reference (i) creates the DON laser protection program and identifies the authority under which the Navy and the Marine Corps Laser Safety Review Board (LSRB) exists. 6. Scope and Applicability. The provisions of this instruction apply to the entire lifecycle of all equipment and systems capable of producing laser radiation, including all lasers eligible for application of the military exemption. Lasers designed and used for medical, industrial, and construction purposes as their manufacturer intended and lasers that are solely used for indoor experimental purposes are excluded from the requirements of this instruction. If a laser that was initially intended to only be used for indoor experimental purposes transitions to an outdoor application, then once it moves outdoors, it must comply with this instruction. 7. Laser Hazard Classification and Control Measures. A laser is any device that can be made to produce or amplify electromagnetic radiation in the x-ray, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, or other portion of the electromagnetic spectrum by the process of stimulated emission of photons. There are multiple laser hazard classifications, as outlined in enclosure (2), that detennine the radiation safety control measures to be employed. Laser hazard classifications range from Class 1, which are safe for direct beam viewing under most conditions, to Class 4, which require the strictest of controls. Laser hazard classification is determined by the intended use, accessibility to the laser radiation and nominal hazard zone (NHZ). 8. Military Exempt Lasers. Lasers and laser systems will be designed per reference (a) whenever practicable. In cases where the perfonnance requirements preclude adherence to the standards under the reference, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted limited authority to the DoD to exempt manufacturers from only those design 2

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 requirements that hinder the defense mission for which the products are intended, reference (x). Lasers designed for combat and combat training operations, or are classified such that disclosing perfonnance parameters would violate national security policies regarding the handling of classified infonnation, can be exempted from these requirements. Military exempt laser systems will comply with the requirements in reference (a) as much as possible, and where it cannot, the laser safety design requirements provided in reference (c) are to be implemented. The LSRB will provide guidance with the development of, and concurrence on, military exemption notification letters prior to issuance to the manufacturer. This is further explained in enclosure (3). 9. Responsibilities a. The Chief of Naval Operations Special Assistant for Safety Matters (CNO N09F) or Director, Commandant of the Marine Corps, Safety Division (CMC SD). CNO N09F or CMC SD will: (I) Detennine the requirements to establish and approve DON laser safety policy. (2) Recommend in writing the LSRB Chair and Vice Chair as elected by the LSRB membership to Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Navy - Safety (DASN (Safety)) for approval. (3) Establish and publish DON laser safety training requirements. (4) For OPNAV N09F, ensure that appropriate subject matter experts provide support to the DoD Laser System Safety Working Group (LSSWG) per reference (k). (5) For CMC SD, provide a voting member to the DoD LSSWG. b. Deputy, CNO Installations Division (OPNAV N41) will: (I) Act as resource sponsor to fund the core activities of the LSRB, the Basic Laser Safety Officer (BLSO) Course, and those functions the Lead Naval Technical Laboratory for Laser Safety (LNTL) perfonn other than Laser Hazard Evaluations (LHE). (2) Through the subject matter expertise and direct involvement of the LNTL, maintain membership on DoD, national, and international standards setting boards and committees to ensure currency of DON policy. Membership maintenance includes payment of fees required of all member organizations to support participation and will be held in the name of the LNTL. (3) Conduct an annual review with the Budget Submitting Office (BSO) to ensure proper resource allocation. 3

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 c. Commander, Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division (NAWCAD) will: (I) Serve as the BSO for resource allocation for laser eye protection (LEP). (2) Establish and maintain a DON Vision Laboratory to evaluate LEP. The Vision Lab is a working capital organization and actual services performed will be provided on a cost reimbursable basis. (3) Provide a voting member to the LSRB. d. Commander, Naval Safety Command will: (1) Maintain this policy. (2) Maintain a voting member to the LSRB. (3) Serve as course content model manager for Navy derived training material as identified in enclosure ( 4). (4) Ensure that the Naval Safety and Enviromnental Training Center (NA VSAFENVTRACEN) is appropriately resourced to provide BLSO training as appropriate. (5) Develop BLSO training curriculum in collaboration with other DoD Components as necessary. e. Commander, Naval Sea Systems Command (NA VSEA 09R), is designated the DON Technical Lead Agent (TLA) for laser safety per reference (i). NA VSEA 09R as the TLA will: (I) Serve as the BSO for resource allocation to support administrative and technical functions of the LSRB, the LNTL and the BLSO Course. (2) Designate the LSRB Secretariat. (3) Maintain a voting member to the LSRB and the DoD LSSWG. (4) In coordination with the LSRB leadership, adjudicate laser safety issues between subject matter experts, as needed. (5) Represent the Navy in tri-service and other interagency laser safety matters. (6) Participate in the development oflaser safety design standards for the DoD. 4

OPNA VINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 (7) Ensure that activities conduct laser design reviews with LNTL participation. (8) Ensure that all applicable lasers and laser systems are reviewed by the LSRB during each phase of development as appropriate. (9) Maintain a repository of LSRB meeting minutes and official correspondence, which includes, but is not limited to LSRB letters, military exemption notification letters and joint service review process discussions. (I 0) Maintain documentation of all Navy range laser safety certification reports. (11) Maintain a repository of designated laser safety officers (LSO). (12) Provide oversight of the LNTL, Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) Dahlgren. The LNTL is a working capital organization and actual services performed will be provided on a cost reimbursable basis. The LNTL will: (a) Evaluate lasers covered under this instruction to detennine compliance with applicable safety standards in support of DON laser use. (b) Participate with joint evaluations, or share evaluations results with the applicable DoD Components, when a laser system may be used by more than one DoD Component. (c) Conduct LHE, laser safety surveys, measurements and reviews for all DON lasers under the scope of this instruction. Documented evaluation results are a deliverable product only to the LSRB. ( d) Ensure that personnel performing laser evaluations are qualified Laser Safety Specialists (LSS). (e) Advise the TLA of any necessary changes to DON laser safety policy. (f) Provide a voting member to the LSRB. (13) Collect the inventories of all military exempt lasers and laser systems covered under this instruction, as required. (14) Upon request from SECDEF, report all DON-initiated requests for disposal and transfer of military exempted lasers. (15) Provide guidance to LSO's for management oflocal LHCP. 5

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 (16) Provide guidance to fleet users for use of their laser systems. (17) Provide oversight of the Lead Navy Range Laser Safety Group (LNRLSG) at NSWC Corona. The LNRLSG is a working capital organization and actual services provided by the LNRLSG will be provided on a cost reimbursable basis. For the Navy the LNRLSG will: (a) Assist in development and implementation of policies and procedures for use of laser systems on USN ranges. (b) Develop and evaluate range laser safety tools that support the evaluation of critical boundaries on laser ranges. ( c) Support laser range safety surveys by: l Conducting laser range safety evaluations oflaser activities, ;?_ Developing Lasing Activities Safety Certification (LASC) reports for safe use of approved lasers that have a certification requirement, l Providing LASC reports to the LSRB to support approval for laser use decisions (upon request). ( d) Ensure that personnel performing laser range certifications are qualified through the Navy Laser Range Certification Training Program. f. Commanding General, the Marine Corps Training and Education Command (TECOM) will: (1) Establish and maintain a laser range safety program per references (m), (n) and (w). (2) Develop policies and procedures for the use of airborne and ground tactical lasers on the Marine Corps ranges. (3) Develop Laser Range Safety Officer (LRSO) training curriculum in collaboration with other DoD Components as necessary. ( 4) Serve as course content model manager for the Marine Corps derived laser range training material identified in enclosure (4). (5) Maintain a current database of the Marine Corps LRSOs to include their training certification level and dates ofrecertification. 6

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.JD 25 Jun 2025 (6) Develop and field range laser safety tools that support the evaluation of critical boundaries on laser ranges. (7) Provide oversight to and certification of all the Marine Corps ranges to ensure safe and efficient training use of approved laser systems. (8) Maintain voting membership on the DOD LSSWG and represent the Marine Corps on tri-service and North Atlantic Treaty Organization laser safety panels. (9) Support laser range safety surveys on the Marine Corps Installations by: (a) Conducting laser range safety evaluations oflaser activities, (b) Developing laser range certification reports for safe use of approved lasers that have a certification requirement, ( c) Providing laser range survey reports to the LSRB to support approval for use decisions (upon request). ( 10) Maintain documentation of all the Marine Corps range laser certifications. g. Chief, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (BUMED). BUMED, as the DON designated Medical Lead Agent for laser safety per references (h) and (i), will: (1) Serve as the lead agency for guidance on laser radiation personnel exposure limits, establish laser medical surveillance requirements, prescribe treatment processes for laser radiation injuries and conduct research on biological effects oflaser radiation. (2) Represent the DON medical community in the DoD LSSWG and as a voting member of the LSRB. (3) Represent the DON in matters related to laser radiation medical surveillance. h. Commanding Officer, NAVSAFENVTRACEN will: (I) Establish and manage the BLSO Course described in enclosure (4). (2) Provide a list of personnel who have successfully completed the BLSO Course to the TLA upon request. i. LSRB. Per reference (i), the LSRB is a Naval advisory review authority on laser safety as established by this instruction. The LSRB provides laser systems safety reviews of all 7

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.JD 25 Jun 2025 applicable lasers. The LSRB provides an advisory concur or non-concur position and findings on utilization of Military Exempt lasers. In order to ensure DON compliance with federal regulations, the LSRB provides guidance on managing the inventory of exempted laser devices ("regulatory disposition") conducted by the Office of the Secretary of Defense (SECDEF). This includes, but is not limited to, providing concurrence on military exemption notification letters issued to manufacturers oflaser systems that are eligible per the agreement between the FDA and the DoD, reference (x), to ensure that exempted lasers do not find their way outside DON control. The FDA is the governing federal agency for the design and safety oflaser emitting devices. (]) The LSRB consists of a permanent and an alternate member from the Navy and the Marine Corps system commands that develop combat and combat training laser systems, CMC SD, Naval Safety Command (NAVSAFECOM), BUMED and the LNTL. Enclosure (5) provides: (a) Roles and responsibilities for LSRB members. (b) Guidance for submittal of technical data packages to support a LSRB decision. (2) If any activity chooses to defer to the LSRB for safety guidance for those laser systems excluded under the scope of this instruction, the activity will adhere to the decisions and recommendations of the LSRB. (3) LSRB review is not intended to be a substitution for a safety review for all conceivable issues. ( 4) The LSRB provides recommendations regarding laser system compliance with federal regulations. j. Laser System Procuring Activity. Commanders of all systems commands, all Navy and the Marine Corps program directors and project managers, and research and development activities that develop lasers used for combat, combat training, or are classified in the interest of national security will conduct a laser system safety program within their cognizant material support areas. The procuring activity will: (1) Apply system safety methods per reference (I) throughout all life cycle phases oflaser systems, laser test fixtures and laser facilities for new systems and modification or different applications of an existing system. (2) Establish a LHCP per enclosures (6) and (7). 8

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 (3) Per paragraph 8, review the purpose of proposed lasers to detennine if they meet reference (a) or if they qualify for application of the military exemption. Any questions in this regard may be addressed to the LSRB. (4) Grant exemptions from reference (a) and impose reference (c) requirements on manufacturers designing military exempt lasers. Procurement activities will grant exemptions to manufacturers in writing and ensure that the military exemption letter has concurrence from the LSRB prior to issue. A final copy of the military exemption laser letter will be provided to the LSRB via email: [email protected]. (5) Ensure that applicable lasers and laser systems are reviewed by the LSRB. Obtain these reviews before program advancement to the next stage of development and before test, prototype, or production units are introduced into the fleet. Resubmit systems for LSRB review when configuration changes are applied and when new applications or unapproved platforms are considered. See enclosure ( 5) for specific details regarding the LSRB process. (6) For all lasers, regardless of their classification, that are used for combat, combat training, or are military exempt, ensure that an authorized independent government evaluation authority such as the LNTL participates in the laser design reviews and perfonns a LHE to determine compliance with references (a) and (c) and detennine the laser's safety related parameters. (7) Provide the LSRB Chair and Secretariat safety test data, measurements, corrective actions, and other system safety activities conducted per reference (I) and enclosure (5) of this instruction. (8) Implement the findings of the LSRB as defined in enclosure (5) unless otherwise directed by DASN (Safety). (9) Coordinate all above-the-horizon laser firings per reference (s). (10) Ensure that operational requirements traceability is demonstrated to the LSRB to prevent proliferation of unnecessary hazardous laser systems. (11) Demonstrate that DON-approved laser protective devices are included in design, planning, training, and use, throughout developmental testing, operational testing and operational deployment as identified in LSRB decision memorandums. (12) Ensure DoD-approved laser protective devices, for joint service applications, are available for operating and maintenance personnel and recommend protection for other personnel or material at risk. 9

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 (13) Include all necessary laser safety data in laser technical manuals, Maintenance Requirement Cards, operational manuals. and training curricula. k. Operational and Installation Commands. Commanders, commanding officers and officers in charge of Navy and the Marine Corps commands or activities (including, but not limited to, storage and maintenance facilities, range complexes, and operational commands) using lasers and laser systems covered under this instruction will: (1) Establish local LHCP per enclosures (6) and (7). Risk Management is an essential part of the hazard control process and will be implemented per references ( o) and ( ac ), as appropriate for the Service. Commands that store laser systems and never energize or fire them may be excluded from the requirement to establish a local LHCP. Contact the TLA for that exclusion. (2) Impose design and operating requirements of this instruction and enclosures (6) and (7) on equipment and facilities. Provide adequate warnings, safety training, documentation, and audits for the control of all hazards resulting from the use oflasers at their activities. Ensure all lasers are labeled per enclosure (2) according to their assigned classification. (3) Ensure appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as LEP, is worn by all personnel within the NHZ. ( 4) Appoint the LSO in writing. The person appointed must have completed the BLSO Course per enclosure (4). Provide the LSO's contact infonnation with a copy of the BLSO Course completion certificate to the TLA via email at: [email protected]. (5) The Marine Corps Ground Combat Units will appoint the LRSO in writing and provide their contact information to Commanding General, TECOM upon request. (6) Only use those laser use areas which have been surveyed and evaluated by the appropriate installation ( or institution) authority for specific applications using specific laser systems. Laser systems will not be fired outside of areas and targets designated by the LSO. (7) Ensure all applicable lasers have been authorized by the LSRB before use. (8) Coordinate all above-the-horizon laser firings per reference (s). (9) Use and dispose of military exempt lasers per references (p) and ( q). Obtain approval of the TLA prior to disposal to ensure that the system is demilitarized or disposed of properly to prevent public access to military exempt technology.

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 (10) Maintain a current inventory of all lasers and laser systems covered under this instruction. To support a SECDEF audit, submission of current inventories will be provided to the TLA upon request. A sample format for a laser system inventory can be requested via email at: Navy _and_Marine_ [email protected]. (11) Ensure personnel who have been observed or suspected of receiving an overexposure of laser energy to the eyes are seen by an ophthalmologist or optometrist as soon as possible to identify and treat injuries. (a) Early medical intervention may lessen the severity of the damage or subsequent retinal scarring. Reference (h) describes management and treatment of personnel who have received an overexposure of laser energy to the eyes or skin. (b) Per references (h) and (k), health risk consultants are available to assist with investigating and reporting incidents at the DOD Tri-Service Laser Injury Hotline, (800) 473- 3549 or DSN 798-3764. ( c) Submit a laser incident report per references (h), (k) and (t). (12) Enroll laser users in a medical surveillance program per reference (h). 10. Use of Lasers Excluded from this Instruction. Navy and the Marine Corps regions, commands, or activities having lasers that are used only for industrial, medical, or construction applications will only use lasers that are registered with the FDA, follow the manufacturer's operating and safety instructions when using the laser, and meet the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) laser safety requirements and guidelines. Activities using lasers for industrial, medical, and construction purposes as their manufacture intended, and lasers that are solely used for indoor experimental purposes, will comply with reference (aa) and must use references (b) and (ac) and enclosures (2), (4), (6) and (7) of this instruction as a guide in establishing a laser safety program. 11. Records Management a. Records created as a result of this instruction regardless of format or media, must be maintained and dispositioned per the records disposition schedules located on the Department of the Navy Assistant for Administration, Directives and Records Management Division portal page at https ://portal.secnav .navy .mil/ orgs/DUSNM/DON AA/D RM/Records-and- Information­ Management/ Approved %20Record %20Schedules/F orms/ Allltems. aspx. b. For questions concerning the management of records related to this instruction or the records disposition schedules, please contact the local records manager or the OPNA V Records Management Program (DNS-16) 11

OPNA VINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 12. Privacy Act. Any misuse or unauthorized disclosure of Personally Identifiable Information (PII) may result in both civil and criminal penalties. The DON recognizes that the privacy of an individual is a personal and fundamental right that shall be respected and protected. The DON's need to collect, use, maintain, or disseminate PII about individuals for purposes of discharging its statutory responsibilities shall be balanced against the individuals' right to be protected against unwarranted invasion of privacy. All collection, use, maintenance, or dissemination of PII shall be in accordance with the Privacy Act of 1974, as amended (5 U.S.C. 552a) and implemented per SECNAVINST 5211.5F. 13. Review and Effective Date. Per OPNA VINST 5215.17 A, N09F will review this instruction annually around the anniversary of its issuance date to ensure applicability, currency, and consistency with Federal, DoD, Secretary of the Navy, and Navy policy and statutory authority using OPNA V 5215/40 Review oflnstruction. This instruction will be in effect for 10 years, unless revised or cancelled in the interim, and will be reissued by the 10-year anniversary date if it is still required, unless it meets one of the exceptions in OPNAVINST 5215.17 A, paragraph 9. Otherwise, if the instruction is no longer required, it will be processed for cancellation as soon as the need for cancellation is known following the guidance in OPNAV Manual 5215.1 of May 2016. Releasability and distribution: D. P. MARTIN Special Assistant for Safety Matters, Office of Naval Operations This instruction is cleared for public release and is available electronically only via DON Issuances website, https://www .secnav.navy.mil/doni/default.aspx. 12 S. P. HOEWING Director Marine Corps Safety Division

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 REFERENCES (a) 21 CFR (b) American National Standard Institute (ANSI), Zl36.I, American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers ( c) MIL-STD-l 425A, Safety Design Requirements for Military Lasers and Associate Support Equipment, 30 August 1991 (d) American National Standard Institute (ANSI), Zl36.2, American National Standard for Safe Use of Optical Fiber Communication Systems Utilizing Laser Diode and LED Sources (e) American National Standard Institute (ANSI), Zl36.3, American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers in Health Care (f) American National Standard Institute (ANSI), Zl36.4, American Nation Standard Recommended Practice for Laser Safety Measurements for Hazard Evaluations (g) OPNAVINST 5100.19F (h) BUMEDINST 6470.23A (i) SECNAVINST 5100.14E G) OPNAV M-5100.23 ofSeptember 2023 (k) DoDI 6055.15, DoD Laser Protection Program (I) MIL-STD-882E, Standard Practice for System Safety, 11 May 2012 (m)MCO 3570.IC (n) MIL-HDBK-828C, DoD Handbook Laser Range Safety on Ranges and in Other Outdoor Areas, 1 October 2021 ( o) OPNA VIN ST 3500.39D (p) DoD 4160.21-M, Defense Material Disposition: Disposal Guidance and Procedures, 31 August 2022 (q) DoD 4160.28-M, Defense Demilitarization: Program Administration, 15 July 2019 (r) SECNAV M-5210.1 of September 2019 (s) DoDI 3100.11, Management of Laser Illumination of Objects in Space, 24 October 2016 (t) OPNAV M-5102.1/MCO 5100.29C of September 2021 (u) SECNAV M-5210.2 of August 2018 (v) MCO 5210.l IE (w)MCO 3550.9A (x) FDA Exemption 76EL-01 of26 July 1976 (y) OPNAVINST 3750.6S (z) SECNAVINST 5210.SF (aa) 29 CFR (ab) MCO 5100.29C (ac) American National Standard Institute (ANSI), Zl 36.8, American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers in Research, Development or Testing Enclosure (I)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 LASER CLASSIFICATIONS AND CONTROL MEASURES 1. General. The infonnation in paragraphs 2 through 14c is provided to generalize laser hazard classifications defined in reference (b ). 2. Class 1. Class 1 lasers emit levels oflaser radiation that are not hazardous under most intended operation or viewing conditions and consequently require no control measures. 3. Class 1 M. Class 1 M lasers are considered incapable of producing hazardous exposure unless viewed with collecting optics such as binoculars or telescopes. 4. Class 2. Class 2 lasers are visible beams that are safe for momentary unintentional viewing and hazardous only when stared into intentionally. The human aversion response ( e.g., eye blink, head turn) is expected to limit exposure to bright, visible, laser sources. A yellow CAUTION label on the laser warns against intentional staring directly into the beam. These lasers require no other control measures. 5. Class 2M. Class 2M lasers emit in the visible portion of the spectrum, is only potentially hazardous if viewed with collecting optics and cannot exceed the Class 3B accessible emission limits. The human aversion response will not provide protection when viewing through collection optics. 6. Class 3R. Class 3R laser is potentially hazardous under some direct and specular reflection viewing condition if the eye is approp1iately focused and stable. A Class 3R laser can also be defined as up to 5 times the Class 2 limit for visible lasers and 5 times the Class I limits for some invisible lasers. There are red "DANGER" labels affixed to Class 3R lasers that warn against direct exposure to the laser beam. These laser types require control measures. 7. Class 3B. Class 3B lasers are not eye safe and include both continuous and pulsed Ultra Violet (UV), visible and Infrared (IR) lasers. These lasers present hazards if viewing the direct beam or specular reflection with the unprotected eye and are capable of immediate, pennanent eye damage in certain operating conditions. Some Class 3B lasers may have hazardous diffuse reflections. All Class 3B laser require some engineering controls and require a Danger label. 8. Class 4. Class 4 lasers are the most hazardous class lasers and are hazardous to the eye from directly viewing the beam and from specular reflections. In addition, Class 4 lasers may produce hazardous diffuse reflections and be fire hazards. Class 4 lasers require many more engineering control measures. These lasers require a Danger label warning against eye or skin exposure to the direct beam or scattered reflections. Enclosure (2)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.JD 25 Jun 2025 9. Order of Precedence. Per reference (1), the system safety design order of precedence identifies alternative mitigation approaches and lists them in order of decreasing effectiveness: a. Eliminate hazards through design selection. b. Reduce risk through design alteration. c. Incorporate engineered features or devices. d. Provide warning devices. e. Incorporate signage, procedures, training, and PPE. 10. Engineering Controls. Engineering controls will be considered when designing laser systems. a. Engineering controls include, but are not limited to: (]) Protective housing (fully contains laser radiation); interlocks on removable protective housings or service access panels. (2) Key control (removable). (3) Viewing windows, display screens, and diffuse display screens. ( 4) Enclosed beam path. (5) Area warning devices (lights, sounds, etc.). (6) Laser Radiation Emission Warnings (visible, audible, and other) (7) Entryway Controls (locked or coded doors) (8) Protective Barriers and Curtains (9) Equipment labeling b. When a laser or laser system is disassembled for maintenance, etc., and protective features are removed, the laser classification may change to a more hazardous class. (]) Some Class 1 or Class 2 lasers, when broken down for maintenance, allow Class 3B or Class 4 radiation levels to be accessible and are treated as Class 3B or Class 4 under those 2 Enclosure (2)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 conditions. For example, if radiation at the level of Class 3B or Class 4 is accessible when a Class 1 laser housing is removed, then procedures and labeling of the laser and maintenance manuals must warn of this condition. (2) When a Class 1 laser has a defeatable interlock that, when defeated, allows access to Class 3B or Class 4 emission levels, an additional label is needed on or near the access panel that states: DANGER, Laser Radiation When Open and Interlock Defeated, Avoid Eye or Skin Exposure to Direct or Scattered Radiation. 11. Procedural and Administrative Controls. Administrative controls are methods or instructions that specify rules or work practices, or both, in order to mitigate the potential hazards associated with laser use. For Class 3B and Class 4 lasers, or laser systems, training is not acceptable as the only administrative control. Administrative controls include, but are not limited to: a. Standard operating procedures. b. Output emission limitations. c. Education and training. d. Authorized personnel. e. Laser use area (indoor versus outdoor, temporary versus permanent, etc.). f. Controlled operation. g. Restrictions on use of direct-view optics. h. Alignment procedure. 12. Laser Labels. Figures 1 through 3 illustrate typical laser labels found on laser systems. Figure 4 illustrates an example of an International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) hazard and explanatory set oflabels that may appear on laser systems procured ( or delivered). International labels are permitted under FDA Laser Notices 50 and 56. a. Caution Label. Figure 1 illustrates an example of a laser caution label. Starburst and lettering are black with a yellow background. At position one, precautionary information must be provided ( e.g., "Do not stare into the beam"). At position two, the type oflaser must be provided (e.g., Helium Neon) and at position three, the hazard class of the laser must be provided. Below the starburst, additional information on the characteristics of the laser must be provided (e.g., laser wavelength and pulse characteristics). 3 Enclosure (2)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 (BORDER ANO LINE OPTIONAL) (YELLOW) (BLACK) (YBJ..OW) �AOTlbN (YB.LOW) ( POSITION 1 ) BOLD BLACK LETTERING (BLACK SYMBOL) ( POSITION 2 ) BOLD BLACK LETTERING ( POSITION 3 ) BOLD BLACK LETTERING Figure 1: Example of a Caution Label b. Danger Label. Figure 2 illustrates an example of a danger label. The starburst is red, letters are black, and the banner is white letters on a red background. Position one includes precautionary information to include the nominal ocular hazard distance above the tail of the starburst. At position two, the type oflaser, including output power, pulse characteristics, and whether the output is visible or invisible, is placed below the tail of the starburst. At position three, the hazard class of the laser must be provided. 4 Enclosure (2)

(RED SYMBOL) ( POSITION 1 ) BOLD BL.ACK LETTERJNG ( POSITION 2 ) BOLD BLACK LETTERJNG OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 (WHITE) ( POSITION 3 ) BOLD BLACK LETTERING Figure 2: Example of a DANGER Label c. Alternate Danger Label. Figure 3 illustrates an example of an alternate danger label. The primary difference is the layout of the banner across the top. The banner is a red oval with white lettering on a black background. All information in positions 1, 2, and 3 are identical to Figure 2. 5 Enclosure (2)

OPNA VINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 VISIBLE AND INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION AVOID DIRECT EXPOSURE TO BEAM MULTI SOURCE MULTI WAVELENGTH WAVELENGTH 630 - 1550 nm PEAK POWER 45 Mw LASER 3b NOHD: 225M NOHD - M: 1.25km Figure 3: Example of an Alternate DANGER Label d. International Labels. Figure 4 illustrates an example of an IEC hazard and explanatory set oflabels that may be appear on laser systems procured (or delivered). International labels are pennitted under FDA Laser Notices 50 and 56. Starburst and borders are black; backgrounds are yellow. Explanations on the explanatory label will be commensurate with the class of laser being labeled. Examples of explanatory statements can be found in ANSI Zl 36.1 or IEC 60825- 1. 6 Enclosure (2)

Symbol and band color: Black OPNA VINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 / Space for legend BackgrounCI anCI opllonal ouu,r bor<lor cOlor: Yellow legend and band color: Black Background and optional border: Yellow Figure 4: Example oflntemational Laser Labels e. When camouflage may be compromised by labels, muted colors appropriate to the camouflage paint scheme may be used, per reference ( c ). 13. Laser Use Area Signage. Figures 5 through 7 illustrate laser use area signage. &WARNING Class 3B Laser Contr,olled Area Avoid eye or skin exposure to direct or scattered radiation. Figure 5: Example of Class 3B Laser Use Area Sign 7 Enclosure (2)

&WARNING OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 Class 4 Laser Controlled Area Avoid eye or skin exposure to direct or scattered radiation. Do not enter when light Is Illuminated. Laser eye protection required: OD� 5@532 nm Freq. Doubled Nd:YAG laser, 532 nm 10 watts maximum average power uiser Safety Otncer Ext. Figure 6: Example of Class 4 Laser Use Area Sign A DANGER Class 4 Laser Controlled Area Avoid eye or skin exposure to direct or scattered radiation. Do not enter when light Is Illuminated. Laser eye protection required: 00>7@1070 nm Yb:Flber laser, 1070 nm 10 kW maximum average power Laser Safety Officer Ext. Figure 7: Example of Class 4 Laser Use Area Sign for Multi-Kilowatt Lasers 14. PPE. PPE must be considered when designing and using laser systems. Enclosure (7) and reference (b) provide additional information concerning PPE. a. LEP b. Skin Protection c. Protective Clothing 8 Enclosure (2)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 REQUIREMENTS FOR MILITARY EXEMPTION 1. Introduction. In 1976 (Figure 8), the FDA granted an exemption to the DoD for procurement of laser systems that do not fully comply with all the performance standards in reference (a) Part 1040. The exemption was amended in 1986 (Figure 9). This exemption allows the DoD to use non-compliant lasers in support of military requirements under these specific criteria: the exemption may be granted for all laser products which are manufactured after August 2, 1976; are used exclusively by DoD agencies; are designed for actual combat or combat training operations, or are classified in the interest of national defense; and do not lend themselves to full compliance with reference (a) Part 1040. Enclosure (9) contains a definition of examples of combat and combat training lasers. Not all lasers used in combat and combat training require exemption. a. The FDA exemption requires the DoD to procure lasers that are compliant with reference (a) Part 1040 to the extent practicable. The exemption allows for use of reference (c), which provides an adequate alternative safety control for each exempted requirement. U1111ecessary introduction of exempted laser products to DON inventories can create or expand administrative burdens on the service, such as inventory controls, expensive disposal processes, LSO training requirements, and command LHCP. b. The exemption does not apply to laser products intended primarily for use in indoor classroom training demonstrations, industrial operations, construction, scientific investigations, and medical laser products. 2. Command and LSRB Responsibilities. The command ( or procuring agent) is responsible for applying the exemption from reference (a) Part 1040 and imposing reference (c) requirements on manufacturers designing military exempt lasers. A military exemption notification letter will be issued to manufactures in writing prior to a procurement activity taking receipt of the exempted product. The military exemption notification letter will be signed by the command ( or procuring agent) with concurrence by the LSRB. The LSRB will evaluate all laser products presented for application of the military exemption to determine compliance. Once signed, a final copy must be provided to the manufactures and TLA. The TLA will maintain a file copy. For the current version of the military exemption notification letter template and instructions submit a request via email at: [email protected]. 3. Manufacturers and Manufacturing. Manufacturers of military laser products who have not secured in writing a confinnation of their military exemption notification letter from the DoD, along with the terms of the exemption for their specific laser product, will not be considered exempted by the FDA. Manufacturers of "military exempt" laser products must not assume the DoD exemption applies to its product unless DoD provides a military exemption notification letter. A manufacturer violates Federal law if it sells a laser system not in compliance with Enclosure (3)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 reference ( a) Part 1040 to the DoD or falsely labels a laser product as exempt without a military exemption notification letter and may be subject to penalties. 4. Inventory. A pennanent record of the status of all exempted laser products, including their ultimate disposition, will be maintained in an inventory. Upon request from the FDA, SECDEF will notify Service Secretaries to submit an inventory of military exempt laser devices. Attributes that are required for inventory are the following: system custodian, system name, intended use, laser classification, manufacturer, date of LSRB approval, Military Exemption, NSN (if known), serial numbers, current status (in use, in repair, in storage, lost, awaiting disposal), and total in possession. 5. Disposal. DoD will manage the disposal of exempted laser products per references (p) and (q). The procuring activity has a responsibility to develop a disposal plan. This disposal plan could include instructions such as: operational forces return the laser system back to the appropriate program office; destroy the laser system prior to disposal; transfer the laser system to another command for use; or transfer laser system to the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) for disposal. Commands are to contact the TLA prior to actual disposal of a military exempt laser via email at: [email protected]. DLA websites for disposal include: http://www.dla.mil/DispositionServices/Contact/F indLocation. aspx and http://www.dla.mil/Di sposi ti onS ervi ces/ Offers/Di sposal/tumin/ special. aspx. 6. Public Use. Once the DoD exemption is applied to a specific laser system, the system cannot be sold, loaned, donated, surplused. or distributed to the public or organizations outside the DoD. 2 Enclosure (3)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 DEPARTMENT OF' HEALTH. EDUCATION. AND WELFAl'IE 1'11111.IC: HE:ALTH s-.�v,a: Ill.". George Marienth-al l"000 ANO ORUG ADMINl$T�ATfOf\t � WMYU.HO .-sl JUL! 9 1976 Deput7 A4s1atant Secretary of Defense Eavironmeiit and Safety Departaient of Defen,,e WashqtOfl., D.C. 20301 Dur Hr, Karienth.llli 'l'his letter vlll respond to your letter of 3uly 2, 1976, to the D1�ector of the Bureau of Radiological Bealth of the Food and Drug Adlni.oistrat1on req_uesting an ex<!!Qption frOII the FDA radiation safety perfor.ance standard for laser products (21 en II 1040,10 and 1040.11) wich becomes effective on August 2, 1976: tlllder the authority delegated to Ill! by the Assistant Secretary for Health of the Department of !Iealtb, Education, and Welf'are (21 CF!\ I 5,1), pursuant to sec:tiouo 358 and 3601 of th� Public Health Service Act, as amended by the Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968 (42 u.s.c. I 263f and 263j), I hereby'exelJIPt frOII the ptov1aiona of 21 CFR II 1040.10 end 1040.ll, and from the provisions of 21 en Part 1002 (except 8 1002.20), laser products that are used exclusivel7 bf Department of Defense components alld that are designed for actual coabat or combat _training operatiOllS or are classified in the interest of national security. It 1.9 •1 understanding that th1• exemptiOfl. h necesaary because laser • products that are to be uaed by the ailitary for the purposes stated above require capabilities vbich do not lend themaelvea to full coapliance tdth all provisions of the laser standard promulgated under the Act. Tour request for exemption acknovledgea that in 11>0st instances ·the specified defense mission for which the products are intended could not be ·fulfilled if total COlllpliance tdth the 8tandard vere required. In recollll\ending that your request for exemption be granted, the Bureau of Ra.diologicsl Beslth considered the laser user safety and control proce­ dures utilized by the Department of Defense. these include: for the U.S. A,:;my, AR 40:-S,' Health and Environment, 2S September 1974; AR 40-46, Control of Health l!azards from Lasers and Other High Intensity Optical Sources, 6 February 1974; TB l!ED 279, Control of Hazard to Health fr0111 Laser Radia­ tion, 30 May 1975; for the U.S. Air Force, AP Manual 161·32, Laser Health Hazards Control, 20 April 1973; and for the U.S. Navy ANSI 136.1,. 1973, Aio.oricsn National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers. Additional control 3 Enclosure (3)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 Page 2 - Mr, George Harienthal procedurea ut1lited by the Department of Defense include: operator train­ ing :l.n t he safe uae of taetical equipment, performing an in-depth-hazard analysis of such equipment during various stages of its life cycle, a haurd analysis of training and testing sites, and routine surveys of such equipment located at military installations. The granting of this exemption is also based upon the understanding that the Department of Defense will establish monttoring procedures to assure that (1) only laser products designed expressly for actual �ombat opera• tions or combat training operations and laser products classified in.the interest of national defense will be procured or manufactured by the Department of Defense pursuant to the requested exemption, and (2) the Department of Defense will maintain a permanent record of the status of all exempted laser products, including their ultilllAte disposition. The products will not be disposed of: thtQugh excess or surplus property channels without advance authorization by the FDA. As a further condition of this exemption, the Department of Defense has also agreed to provide an annual report to FDA summarizing the internal records maintainel on the exempted products, identifying types of laser products and manufacturers, Furthermore, Department of _Defense procurement specifications for such exempted products will include, to the extent practicable, the radiation safety provisions of the applicable Federal standard (21 CFR 1040.10; 1040.11) unless adequate alterMtive controls are to be provided by the Department of Defense, liri.y substantive amendments to the radiation safety procedures enclosed with your letter of July 2,1916 vill be suba>itted to the FDA for review. All exempted products are also to be clearly identified either by the label •et forth below, or by other aea.ns; CAUTION This electronic product has been extlllpted from FDA radiation. safety performance standards prescribed in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Chapter I, Subchapter J, pursuant to Exemption No. issued on ____ . This product should not be used without adequate protective devices or procedures. We request, as a term of this exemption, that the Department of Defense list in the annual report to this Agency.all exempted p,;t,ducts which are identified by a means other than by the above label, and provide detailed infonnat1on as to the alternative means of ident1fic8tion provided, and the bases for such alternative means of identification. 4 Enclosure (3)

Page 3 - Mr, George Marienthal OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 Thie' exemption 1e gra11ted upo11 the understanding that all of the.above comJ.t:lllents, set forth in your letter of July 2, 1976, are fulfilled by the Departme11t of Defuse. The exemption 11111y be vithdrawn or amended if any of thoge terms are n.ot adhered to, or if other infoI1113tion becomes available that indicates that the public health and safety are not adequately protected from electronic product radiation emitted by products exempted pursuant to this authorization. This exemption shall be referred to as txelll(>tion No, 76EL•OlDOD issued 011 July 26, 1976, and any eorrespo11dence concerning its implementation should be directed to the Director of the Bureau of Radiological Health, A copy of your July 2, 1976 letter requesting the exemption (ldth attachmeµts) and this. notice of approval will be filed in the FDA Public Records and Documents Center, Room 4-62, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, HD. We appreciate your cooperation in this 111$.tter. Figure 8: Exemption to the DoD for procurement oflaser systems 5 Enclosure (3)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 OEPARHIE:l;TOF HEALTH&. HUMAN SERVICES MAR 18 1986 Food tlld D1U9 Admlniw'1loo Rod<YiU. MD 20867 c.,orge W, Siebert l>l.roctor of Safety and Occupatlonol �•1th Policy office of tho Aoolotant S,,cretary of Defen•• W11hi1>&ton, l>,C, 20301-4000 Dear Kr •. Sl•�rt: Thia letter 11 in respona@ to your jabuery 6 t 1986 reque•t for nendme.nt of exe•ption 76EL-01DoD to eli�inate the requirtaent for an annu.tt.l report. Und�r thi• exeaption, lu@r product, which are iatended to be uted in co■bat or in training for c�b•t vere exempted.•• neceat•ry, frd• the parforaance •t•ndard for laser product••• provid�d in 21 C1i 10I0.5t The•� product• vere alto exempted fro• the reporting require-at, of 21 CFR 1002,10 and 1002,12 under the authority provided in 1002,51, At the ti-.e: thi1 exe■ptioo vas granted• the perfot'Qnce atandard for later product• ve• not yet ia effect, and tht Agency could not ret1onebly anticipate the type or ugnitude of problems whicb uould be encountered, or the efficacy of the variou, atch•nisu provided 1n the ,tandard in addre11ing these probletu. The Agency elected •t that tiJ111ii1? to uintain vhat va• considered the ainiaal regulatory poeition conaietent with it• reepou1ibility for Pt.tblic Health, and, therefore, the ennual reporting requireaent Vl8 retained• Now the cent�� h•• al11101t t�n year, of e;rper1ence in adta1ni1tering theae regulations, end Mt received nine ,nnu&l reports froa yOQt departJtent. At this point in tiae., it ia my judgm-e:nt that the•e repo�t• on e:ieapted product• are no longer need�d •• a aQnitoring tOQl• Th•refore, •• provided by 21 CFR IOI0,5(e)(2), tho Depar-nt of Defens• (DoD) tte■ption 1• hereby -.ended to r�voke the tequ1rement for an aMu•l report. The effective date of thi1 .... d..,t la septeaber I, 1985. Pl•ue not• tut vhile Doi> will no longer need to oubllit the oubject annual reporto, it will at1ll be: expected to --1.ntain the types of record• on lfhich thi• report vae based. 'fti.1• 1nfonu.tiOll uy be r•quested vhen we ne.td to c®fira a •nufa�turet 11 cl•i• that 1\4!! ta produ�ing laeer products for tJoD procureaent and thet hie product• are indeed 4ubject to exe■ption. Your continued clo•e cooper•tion in providing pertinent infor1141t1on �pon reque,t 1• recognized and appr�eiated, and, of cour,e, •uch reque1t• will be liaited to infohlation which doe, not iapact on national aecuritY• t trust thet tbie resolution of the leauee 1atisfactorily addre,ses your conc:ern,. Sl;c:'ilf@� hn c. v1i:-;:;:fth ----... }r•ctor ntier for De-vi.e.e& and ..,_ ka(I :Lo logical Heal th Figure 9: Exemption to the DoD for procurement of laser systems 6 Enclosure (3)

LSO TRAINING REQUIREMENTS OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 1. General. LSO is a general term for a command member who possesses the technical knowledge needed to anticipate, recognize and evaluate hazardous conditions involving lasers and laser systems and implement corrective actions. The LSO must have direct access to the commanding officer and have the authority to suspend, restrict or tenninate the operation of a laser or laser system. Commands that have already designated a local LSO qualified under the Technical Laser Safety Officer or Administrative Laser Safety Officer training program are still considered qualified under this instruction until their current certificate expires. LSO training does not fall under the High Risk Training Program. 2. LSO Designations. A LSO falls into one of five types of designations: LRSO, LSO - Unit (LSO-U), LSO - Range Owner (LSO-RO), LSO - Range Specialist (LSO-RS) and Laser Safety Specialist. Using the certification training descriptions, COs must detennine which type of designation is appropriate for their command considering their mission, types of lasers in use or inventory and size of the LHCP. All LSOs must be designated in writing and comply with the roles and responsibilities, required training and certifications required for each type of LSO. a. LRSO. Specific to the Marine Corps operational training ranges, the Marine Corps units utilize LRSO. The LRSO is an individual who is the direct representative of the Officer in Charge (OIC) of the unit conducting laser engagements or other tactical laser activities on operational training ranges. The LRSO is responsible to the OIC for adhering to the safety of use, training operations, ensuring compliance with laser range safety requirements and local SOPs. (I) The LRSO general duties and responsibilities on operational ranges include: (a) Ensure compliance of the policies set forth by the installation to ensure safe use of lasers. (b) Conduct laser safety inspection of the training range prior to use and ensure it is in compliance with reference (m). ( c) Provide range safety briefs prior to commencing laser operations. ( d) Ensure only approved lasers are used on ranges approved for their specific use. (e) Ensure targets are positively identified and the appropriate safety procedures are implemented before operation of a laser system. Enclosure ( 4)

OPNA VINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 (f) Ensure that laser operators have the appropriate LEP ifrequired. (2) LRSO Training Requirements for the Marine Corps Combat Ground Units. Completion of the Marine Corps Range Laser Safety Course - Distance Leaming (RLSC-DL) and Base or Station Commander's local range safety certification program. b. LSO-U. The LSO-U is an individual whose responsibilities and duties are to manage their unit or command LHCP per enclosures (6) and (7) of this directive. For the Marine Corps ground units, designation of a LSO-U is appropriate at the battalion level and higher. For the Marine Corps aircraft units, designation of a LSO-U is appropriate at the squadron level and higher. Ships possessing lasers class 3B and above are required to have a LSO-U designated. (I) The LSO-U general duties and responsibilities include: (a) Provide laser safety training to laser operators. Ensure that they have the appropriate knowledge to safely operate their specific lasers (supervisor safety briefs, factory training school, instructional materials, etc.). This includes initial and annual laser hazard awareness training. Laser operator safety training requirements can be found in enclosure ( 6), paragraph 5. (b) Implement the policies and procedures set forth by the installation to ensure safe use of lasers. (c) Review and submit laser training plans for approval to perform laser activities on a specific laser range or training area. ( d) A laser safety inspection of the training range must be perfonned prior to use and must comply with references (m) and (n). ( e) Ensure range safety briefs have been provided to the laser operators prior to commencing laser operations. (f) Ensure only approved lasers are used on ranges approved for their specific use. (g) Ensure operators are trained to positively identify targets using appropriate safety procedures before operation of a laser system. (h) Ensure that laser operators have the appropriate LEP for the laser system being used and that they have perfonned an LEP inspections prior to each use. (i) Ensure an inventory is maintained of command lasers. 2 Enclosure ( 4)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 (j) Ensure that laser operators are enrolled in a laser medical surveillance program per reference (h). (k) Communicate laser mishaps to the appropriate authorities and conducting laser incident investigations. See enclosure (6) for laser mishap reporting requirements. (2) LSO-U Training Requirements. (a) The Mmine Corps Combat Ground Units. Completion of the Marine Corps Range Laser Safety Course- Distance Leaming (RLSC-DL), BLSO Course and Base or Station Commander's local range safety certification program. (b) The Marine Corps Air Combat Units and all Navy commands. Completion of the BLSO Course and Base or Station Commander's local range safety certification program, as applicable. c. LSO-RO. The LSO-RO is responsible for managing the range LHCP per enclosures (6) and (7). Personnel assigned as a LSO-RO preferably have significant range safety experience. (I) The LSO-RO general duties and responsibilities include: (a) All the duties and responsibilities of the LSO-U. (b) Ensuring that the LSO-Us using the range are following the range regulations and SOPs. (c) Coordinating reports to the range owner chain of commander (i.e. status of range safety hazard control programs). ( d) Communicating laser mishaps to the appropriate authorities and conducting laser incident investigations. ( e) Establish and manage a range laser safety program to include the development and publication of range regulations or range standard operating procedures (SOPs). (f) Adjudicate the use ofLSRB-reviewed laser systems and laser operations on their range that fall within the guidelines of the range certification. (g) Ensure personnel who will be in the NHZ wear the required LEP for each laser in use. 3 Enclosure ( 4)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 (h) Perform documented range safety compliance inspections, at a minimum annually. (i) Ensure laser ranges under their cognizance are certified and recertified at least every 3 years or when changes to the range fall outside the current certification. (i) Ensure range regulations and SOPs are provided to the LSO-U requesting usage of the laser range. (k) Review the training or test plan (to include laser type(s) and proposed employment tactics) of each command requesting access to the laser range to ensure compliance with current laser range certification. (1) Provide laser range technical reports for submission to the range certification authority. (2) LSO-RO Training Requirements: (a) The Marine Corps. Completion of the Marine Corps RLSC-DL Course, the BLSO Course and Base or Station Commander's local range safety certification program. (b) U.S. Navy commands. Completion of the BLSO Course and Base or Station Commander's local range safety certification program. d. LSO-RS. The LSO-RS is an individual that is authorized to perfonn laser range assessments for certification. The LSO-RS designation is intended for the Marine Corps TECOM and NSWC Corona personnel. (1) The LSO-RS general duties and responsibilities include: (a) Determine the laser systems to be employed on the range. (b) Verify range boundaries. ( c) Verify and determine laser firing area, line or points. ( d) Verify and detennine laser target location and material. ( e) Verify and determine NHZ requirements. (f) Detennine that the terrain can support safe laser operations. 4 Enclosure ( 4)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 (g) Ensure the NHZ is contained within the boundary of the range. (h) Determine whether the range meets certification requirements. (i) Prepare laser range assessment reports. (2) LSO-RS Training Requirements: (a) The Marine Corps. Completion of the BLSO, Laser Range Management Tool - Training (LRMT-T) and the LRMT - Instructor (LRMT-I) Certification Program. After training certification is received, but prior to designation, OJT must be required. The Head, Range Safety and Design Section of the Marine Corps TECOM has authority to dctennine the time requirements of the OJT. (b) Navy. Completion of the Navy Laser Range Certification Training Program (NLRCTP) established by the Lead Naval Range Laser Safety Group (LNRLSG) and approved by the TLA. e. LSS. The LSS is an individual working in the LNTL who has been authorized to perfonn aL HE. (I) The LSS general duties and responsibilities include: (a) Perform LHEs through: 1- Measurement of lasers and laser systems; ;?,. Calculating laser safety parameters, such as nominal ocular hazard distance and required optical density (OD) for LEP. }. Assess laser system compliance with reference (a) part 1040, reference ( c) and :J:. Apply appropriate laser hazard classifications per enclosure (2). (b) Assist mishap investigators with the technical aspects oflaser mishap investigations. (c) Provide instruction and mentoring of individuals who are required to obtain LSS certification. (2) LSS Training Requirements. Completion of the LSS certification program will be established by the LNTL for Laser Safety and approved by the TLA. 5 Enclosure ( 4)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 3. Certification Training. There are six laser safety certification training levels: RLSC-DL, BLSO, LSS, LRMT-T, LRMT-I and NLRCTP. a. RLSC-DL Certification. The RLSC-DL certification course is designed to provide the Marine Corps Ground Combat Unit LSOs with the fundamental information required to successfully perform their range laser safety duties. RLSC-DL certified LSOs are not qualified to perform hazard evaluations of laser systems or surveys and evaluations of ranges for laser use. The RLSC-DL training is sponsored by the Marine Corps TECOM. b. BLSO Certification. The BLSO certification course is designed to provide LSOs with the fundamental information required to successfully manage their command's LHCP. The training includes LHCP requirements, the laser hazard classification system, basic laser science theory, the biological hazards associated with lasers, laser hazard protection and the basic mathematics involved with laser hazard assessments. BLSO certified LSOs are not qualified to perform hazard evaluations of laser systems or surveys and evaluations of ranges for laser use. The BLSO Course is taught by the Naval Safety and Enviromnental Training Center (NA VSAFENVTRACEN). c. LSS Certification. The LSS certification program provides the technical knowledge required to perform laser system measurements, hazard evaluations and calculations. The LNTL provides the requirements for and management of the LSS certification program which requires the TLA' s approval. d. LRMT-T Certification. The LRMT-T course provides the technical knowledge required to utilize the LRMT in the conduct oflaser range analysis and evaluation. The course provides the requisite knowledge necessary to meet laser range certification requirements as outlined in reference (w). Range Managers Toolkit (RMTK) training is a pre-requisite to the LRMT-T course. The RMTK is a set of automated tools that utilize geo-spatial data sets in a Geographic Infonnation System enviromnent. This toolkit allows users to construct digital geo-referenced danger zones which facilitates the Range Control Authority's capability to manage their range space. e. LRMT-I Certification. The LRMT-I certification program provides the technical knowledge required to instruct all aspects of the LRMT-T course. The LRMT-I certification qualifies the individual to run the LRMT-T certification program per the Marine Corps TECOM policies and procedures. f. Navy Laser Range Certification Training Program (NLRCTP). Completion of the NLRCTP provides the technical knowledge and skill to conduct laser range certification evaluations. The LNRLSG provides the requirements for and management of the NLRCTP certification program which requires the TLA's approval. 6 Enclosure ( 4)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 4. Recertification Process. Retesting every 3 years at the highest certification level previously attained is required for the LRSO, LSO-U and LSO-RO billets. Recertification exams must include prerequisite level infonnation. If the LSO fails the recertification examination, they will have to recertify by attending the appropriate course(s). Personnel must contact the Marine Corps TECOM or NA VSAFENVTRACEN, as appropriate, for recertification testing information. If the LSO-trained personnel has not actively served as a designated LSO for more than a year, or their certification expiration has lapsed for more than a year, then recertification by attending the appropriate course is required. 7 Enclosure ( 4)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURES OF THE LSRB 1. General. The LSRB is the DON review authority on laser safety as established by reference (i). The LSRB consists of a permanent and an alternate member from the Navy and Marine Corps system commands that develop combat and combat training laser systems, CMC SD, NA VSAFECOM, BUMED and the LNTL. The LSRB is responsible for providing an independent safety review oflaser products and laser systems to ascertain the hazards and the proposed mitigations and to assess the efficacy of alternate control measures. The LSRB also provides guidance on the milita1y exemption processes. This includes, but is not limited to, providing concurrence on military exemption notification letters issued to manufacturers of laser systems that are eligible. 2. Scope. The LSRB provides review of, and recommendations on, the entire lifecycle of all equipment and systems capable of producing laser radiation that exceeds Class 3R and all lasers eligible for application of the military exemption regardless of Class of the laser. Excluded laser systems are industrial, construction and medical laser systems that have no military-specific applications and those lasers and laser systems planned solely for indoor experimental or laboratory use. If proponents of excluded laser systems desire a review of their laser systems, then they are bound by the LSRB determination. a. The LSRB review assesses the design of safety features per reference (a) part 1040. If the laser system cannot comply with reference (a) part 1040, and is eligible for application of the military exemption process, then the LSRB provides review of the laser system and alternate control measures identified in reference ( c) to ensure an equivalent level of safety is achieved. b. The LSRB review is not restricted to the beam hazards but is a holistic review of design safety, system safety, occupational health, training and human system integration. A LSRB review is also required in cases where previously reviewed laser systems are integrated into new or different platfonns. 3. Proponent responsibilities. A proponent is a US Government entity that submits a formal request to the LSRB for the review of a laser, laser system or laser operation. It is the responsibility of the proponent to develop a Laser Safety Technical Data Package (LSTDP) and appropriate presentation; coordinate delivery of information to the LSRB Secretariat, respond to action items or requests, detennine the system safety risk levels, define occupational hazards and ensure that restrictions or guidance as identified in the LSRB determination letters are followed. Ifthere is a change in the nomenclature, the laser itself, laser system emissions, a new laser incorporated into the system, new location of use or laser system integration; or the laser system will be integrated onto a platfonn other than what was previously reviewed, then a new determination letter from the LSRB will be required. The responsibilities of the proponent include: Enclosure ( 5)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 a. Attendance to the LSRB review meeting. The LSRB meets nonnally once a month. b. Proponent presentations need to show a full understanding of the laser system hazards and have adequately addressed the risks. c. The presence of a military member or DoD civilian from the program office requesting LSRB review is required. d. Systems engineer, safety representation, the user community and training personnel are encouraged to attend. e. Prior to the LSRB meeting, coordinate a LHE from one of three authorized independent government evaluation authorities. ( 1) LNTL - (DON) (2) 711 Human Performance Wing- (The United States Department of Air Force) (3) Defense Centers for Public Health - (Aberdeen) 4. LSRB responsibilities. The LSRB reviews the hazardous aspects of each laser system presented to ensure that all safety requirements including design features, procedures, precautions and training are included in the laser installation and documentation. Having established the degree of safety incorporated in the laser system, the LSRB, through the chair, renders a judgment as to the safety of the system and presents its findings regarding the advancement of the system to the next stage of its life cycle. Requirements for LSRB members are to: a. Possess a current SECRET clearance for classified meetings. b. Review technical documents presented prior to LSRB meetings. c. Ensure that the LSRB Secretariat receives copies of all e-mail messages resulting from informal LSRB meetings. d. Render an independent appraisal of the laser safety aspects along with a recommendation concerning safety approval of the item under review. All phases of the life cycle are to be considered, with emphasis given to the life cycle phases of specific concern to the command represented. 5. LSRB detennination. The LSRB provides decisions for acquisition programs of record to support Fielding decisions and limited deployment of urgent needs statement. 2 Enclosure ( 5)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 a. The LSRB provides an advisory Concur and Non-concur position on utilization of military exempt lasers. b. The LSRB provides Approve and Non-approve to support test events & evaluations, user evaluations and assessments, demonstrations and operational use oflasers that are not military exempt. 6. LNTL Responsibilities. The LNTL is a working capital organization and actual services perfonned must be provided on a cost reimbursable basis. The LNTL will: a. Participate in design reviews early in the acquisition lifecycle upon request. b. Perform a LHE to detennine laser safety parameters and compliance with applicable safety standards in support of the LSRB. Laser system characteristics under review include (but are not limited to) the laser source ( such as main beam, hazardous stray laser energy), integration (such as a gimbal), user interfaces (such as buttons, lock out mechanisms, graphic user interface, etc.) and laser integration with platfonns (i.e., methods of beam stop control and establishment of cutouts). Documented evaluation results are a deliverable product only to the LSRB. c. Verify other component service laser safety parameters with respect to the integration, concept of operations (CONOPS) and tactics, techniques and procedures (TTPs) for the DON. d. Participate with joint evaluations or share evaluations with the applicable DoD Components when an evaluation may be used by more than one DoD Component. 7. LSTDP requirements. The LSTDP must be communicated by official naval correspondence, signed by the Program Manager, on command letterhead. The LSTDP documentation needs to be sufficiently complete and detailed to allow a meaningful review of all laser safety aspects by LSRB members prior to the presentation. Information must be kept to the lowest level of classification necessary for briefing. The LSTDP must fully support the signed request letter by including: a. What the desired LSRB detennination is, for what event, what location and for how long. b. What is the laser system and where is it in the lifecycle. This information needs to include: Laser custodian, laser identification or type designation, contract number, national stock number and location(s) and number of lasers, whether or not the laser system a program of record or other acquisition category. c. FDA accession number or military exempt number. 3 Enclosure ( 5)

OPNA VINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 d. The design of the system. A full set of design drawings is not desired, but rather documents such as assembly drawings, firing circuits or other sketches that would indicate or assist in describing the system. Emphasis needs to be placed on components, hardware, software and human factors affecting safety. e. The operation of the system. A concise but thorough description of the intended use of the system including maintenance, boresight detennination and error, boresight retention, calculated and measured tracking and aiming accuracy, storage areas, use environment, handling equipment, laser platfo1m, platform stability, performance sequence, disposal methods, etc. f. Describe the system safety program plan and its results including a list of all types and scopes of hazard analyses. Observations made during development, test and evaluation of the system and support equipment (such as protective devices) that impact laser safety will be presented. All safety devices incorporated in the system as well as precautionary measures to be invoked, such as the methods of beam stop control and establishment of cutouts, are to be identified. Also required is a description of the extent to which the system meets the requirements of applicable standards, specifications and safety controls. g. Verification that the required publication and training programs are being or have been developed to assure the safe operation, training, handling, transportation, storage and disposal of the laser system. h. A presentation is required. The presentation must cover, at a minimum: (1) Description of the laser (laser model, manufacture part number, configuration identifier, Joint Electronics Type Designation System number) (2) Block diagram (3) Changes from previous LSRB (if applicable) (4) CONOPS, TTP or Operational View ( 5) Safety features and interlocks (6) Human factors discussion (7) Buttons and displays or graphical user interface (GUI) (8) MIL-STD-882 hazard discussion and risk matrix (9) FDA Accession Number or military exempt notification identification code 4 Enclosure ( 5)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Juu 2025 (I 0) If military exempt- design requirements crosswalk ofreference (a) part I 040 and reference ( c) (! I) Testing planned or test results (12) Coordination with the Laser Clearinghouse for over-the-horizon firing ( 11) T .RP (proposed or approved) (14) Point of Contact's at the range that the sponsor has coordinated with (15) Software integration 8. Timelines. Timelines are required to ensure a smooth LSRB determination. a. LHE. A LHE determination must be coordinated with the LNTL and LSRB secretariat early in the program lifecycle, specifically the design phase. It is recommended that a sponsor representative be present during the laser evaluation in order to become aware of design discrepancies in a timely manner. The LHE, if required, must be conducted 60 days prior to the official LSRB meeting. b. LSTDP. The LSTDP must include all the infonnation provided in paragraph 8a and be submitted to the LSRB secretariat 15 days prior to the LSRB meeting. c. Presentation. The presentation must be tailored for about 30 minutes and not to exceed 1 hour unless expressly agreed upon by the LSRB secretariat and chair. A government representative is required to be in attendance, but can delegate the performance or conduct of the presentation to a non-govenunent representative. The person(s) most familiar with the system safety program and the design and operation of the system must give the presentation. Presentations must be submitted to the LSRB secretariat 15 days prior to the LSRB meeting. d. Submit the LSTDP and presentation to the LSRB via email at: [email protected]. e. LSRB determination. LSRB detennination letters will be returned to the program manager once all deficiencies noted during the LSRB review have been corrected. 9. Joint Service Review Process. For joint service reviews, program sponsors must contact the LSRB secretariat as early as possible to detennine requirements and timeframes. The program sponsor must take into consideration: increased timelines, conducting a joint laser hazard evaluation (including multi-service management reviews), increased joint service data package development timeline and a potentially longer joint service review meeting. 5 Enclosure ( 5)

LASER USE REQUIREMENTS OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 1. General. This enclosure identifies the applicable personnel responsibilities and facility requirements for use of lasers in various settings to ensure that personnel are not exposed to laser radiation exceeding the MPE. 2. Cmrunon Use Requirements. Infonnation that is cmrunon across the use of lasers and not specific to laboratory, range, operational, etc. a. Only properly trained and authorized personnel will operate Class 3B and Class 4 laser devices. Laser operators must be trained as described in enclosure (7). b. Every laser operation or series oflaser firings using Class 3B or Class 4 laser systems must be logged for all range operations by the hosting range and operational unit and for all laboratory firings or tests by laboratory personnel. A laser firing log will include, at a minimum, the c01runand using the laser, the range or laser use area, the date of the laser operation, the laser system or systems being used, a roster of the laser operators, the name of the mission commander, the firing times, target locations and the firing position or heading. The purpose for maintaining laser firing logs, whether for laboratory firings and tests by laboratory personnel or for range operations and operational units, is to formally document when lasers are in use, so that in the event of a mishap, there would be an official record to admit as part of the investigation. The use of the Marine Corps Range Facility Management Support System meets the laser log requirements. Logs will be maintained per reference (r). c. Personnel must not be allowed access to a controlled lasing area (for example, laboratory, laser range or laser-firing area) during laser operations unless they have had a hazard brief, the appropriate supervisory approval has been obtained and protective measures have been taken. d. Prior to laser operations, the laser operator must ensure that the laser target area, laser hazard zone or laboratory is clear of personnel or that any personnel within the area are aware of imminent laser operation and are properly protected against laser hazards. e. Warning signs as shown in enclosure (2) will be posted at the entrances to laser ranges, buildings or rooms. f. Unprotected personnel must not be exposed to laser radiation in excess of the MPE levels in reference (h). g. Non-beam hazards can be described as all hazards arising from the presence oflaser systems, excluding human exposure to direct or scattered laser radiation. Appropriate Enclosure ( 6)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.JD 25 Jun 2025 precautions must be taken per environmental, safety and health policy and guidance for the non­ beam hazards in laser installations. These non-beam hazards include, but are not limited to: ( 1) Electrical (2) Cryogenics (3) Compressed gas ( 4) Toxic materials (5) Noise ( 6) Targets that may shatter (7) Ionizing radiation (8) Incoherent optical and ultraviolet radiation (9) Flash lamp or capacitor explosion (10) Laser Generated Air Contaminants 3. Laboratory Use of Lasers a. Reference (b) provides guidance and requirements that are specific to the use oflasers within indoor laboratories. (1) At least two people must be present at all times when operating lasers with accessible high voltage ( e.g., 30 volts and greater). Where the operation allows, follow a countdown procedure to minimize unnecessary potential exposure by forewarning personnel to take necessary protection from the radiation by donning protective equipment or moving out of the danger area. Operators will be responsible to verify that conditions are safe before proceeding. (2) Lasers and laser beams will be contained within suitably controlled equipment or spaces. Laser beams emitted by an unenclosed system must be te1minated at the end of the useful beam path if the exposure level is greater than the MPE. The backstop must be of material that absorbs or blocks the particular wavelength and will not bum or emit toxic products when irradiated. Special care in absorbing and containing the laser radiation must be taken especially when the laser is emitting energy in the ultraviolet or infrared portions of the spectrum where the observer might receive damage to the eyes without being aware of the direct radiation or its reflection. Laser controls must be located to prevent operator exposure to unsafe levels of 2 Enclosure ( 6)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 radiation. Care must be taken to block all extraneous radiation such as that reflected or refracted from materials used to interact with laser beams. (3) Reflecting surfaces that are not specifically approved for use in the exercise; such as mirrors, bottles, windows, shiny metal, plexiglass or other surfaces that have a high coefficient of specular reflection; must be eliminated from the beam path, or be faced away, or surrounded with diffuse absorbing substances to absorb the energy prior to operations. Persom1el working in the vicinity oflaser beams will not wear jewelry such as watches or tie clasps that could act as specular reflectors. (4) Standard operating procedures (SOP) will be developed for Class 3B and Class 4 lasers and laser systems. They will be readily available in the area where lasers are operated or maintained. The SOP will follow local facility guidance for structure and content and include, but is not limited to: (a) Lasers authorized; (b) Nmmal operations; ( c) Entry restrictions; ( d) Hazard control brief; (e) Types of protective eyewear required (wavelength and OD); (f) Start-up safety requirements (types and locations of beam stops, countdown procedures, area clearance procedures, warning lights activated outside and inside the area, etc.); (g) Emergency shutdown procedures for fire, rescue and security persoooel in case of emergency (NOTE: This infonnation must be on file with fire, rescue and security personnel as well.); (h) Conditions for unattended operation if pennitted by the LSO; (i) Exact hazardous material allowed and conditions of pennitted use, including PPE, firefighting equipment, ventilation requirements, storage containers, allowed amounts and emergency response procedures; (j) Specific prohibitions ( e.g., no smoking or flames, no eating or drinking); and (k) Requirement for two persons to be present during operations for emergency assistance where deemed necessary by the LSO. 3 Enclosure ( 6)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 b. Responsibilities for the laser safety officer for an indoor laboratory trained at a minimum to the LSO-U level include: (I) Ensure the hazard control brief is provided to visitors and new laboratory workers; (2) Ensure laser operators are trained in the use of specific laser systems and their safety features; (3) For laboratories located on a range which allow for outdoor emissions, ensure that local laser range regulations are followed. c. PPE must be appropriate to the laser being used and donned prior to activation of the laser. Because LEP can cause degraded situational awareness, operators must only wear LEP when required. d. Optical fiber communication systems (OFCS) that contain lasers will be considered enclosed systems as long as the laser remains fully attached to the cable and the radiation output is confined within a cable system. Any laser fiber optic connector that is not inside a secured equipment enclosure must be labeled with the caution or danger appropriate to the laser and require a tool to be disconnected. While no tool for disconnection is required when the connector is located inside a secured equipment enclosure, caution or danger signs appropriate to the class of the laser must be located near the connectors and be visible when the enclosure is open. When servicing OFCs the LSO will ensure that three rules are applied: (I) Detachable components and connectors are labeled; (2) Continuity with an optical test set has been verified; and (3) Employees' annual laser hazard training includes the potential hazards associated with looking into broken or disconnected cables. 4. Outdoor Laser Use Areas or Ranges a. Subaragraphs 4a(l) through 4a(6) provide infonnation specific to the common use requirement oflasers on outdoor laser use areas or ranges. All outdoor uses oflasers must be governed by a SOP for fixed ranges or a test plan for laser use area. For the Marine Corps ranges, SOP guidance is provided in reference (m). The SOP or test plan must include, but is not limited to: (1) Responsibilities ofrange control and laser safety personnel; (2) Locations of operations; 4 Enclosure ( 6)

(3) Hazard control brief; OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.JD 25 Jun 2025 (a) Authorized tactics, firing positions, firing fans and aircraft run-in headings (as appropriate); (b) Drawings, photographs, descriptions or grid points of authorized targets; (c) Communication procedures that include specific frequencies (or channels), controlling authorities and standardized terminology; ( d) Acquisition, identification and tracking procedures for targets are established prior to laser activation; ( e) Requirements for beam tennination; (f) Control measures to minimize the risk of unauthorized personnel or aircraft entering the range area; (g) Type of eye protection to be worn (if applicable); (h) Potential hazards posed by the laser system ( e.g., phantom targeting and backscatter); the target area, maintenance area, etc.; types of warning signs to be posted; and specific procedures to avoid these hazards (as appropriate). ( 4) Procedures in the event of an over exposure to include how to shut down laser devices and emergency points of contact; (5) Laser systems, which direct laser energy above the horizon, are required to comply with policies and procedures, as per reference (s). ( 6) Regardless of laser hazard classification, lasers used in outdoor laser use areas or ranges require an LHE, excluding those lasers that are used for industrial, medical or construction purposes. Those laser systems that are capable of exceeding the laser hazard Class 3R accessible emission limits require LSRB review. b. The general responsibilities of the LSO-RO are outlined in enclosure (4). The responsibilities in subparagraphs 4b(l) through 4b(5) are range specific and more detailed. The LSO-RO will: (I) Ensure requesting unit has a certified LSO coordinating the test or training operation. Operations will be directly supervised by this LSO or an appropriately trained laser operator designated by the LSO to directly supervise laser operations. 5 Enclosure ( 6)

OPNA VINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 (2) Provide the local range regulations and SOPs to the LSO of the requesting command. (3) Review proposed laser range operations plan or test plan to ensure compliance with current certification and local regulations and SOPs. (4) Ensure a laser safety inspection of the range is completed prior to use and complies with the requirements in reference (n). (5) Ensure only tactics authorized within the scope of the range certification, and only laser systems for which current LSRB use guidance exists, are used for the operation, exercise, demonstration or test. c. The command requesting use of the laser range must: (1) Review host range complex range regulations and SOP. (2) Provide a range use operations plan or test plan to LSO that includes: (a) Name and date of qualification of the command LSO; (b) Laser devices to be used; (c) Laser device firing points, firing areas or firing lines; ( d) Targets and target areas to be used: ( e) Ground personnel locations (indicating those requiring LEP); (f) LEP to be used (if applicable); (g) Aircraft and ship headings (if applicable); (h) Exclusion zone(s) (if applicable); (i) Laser mode(s), tactics to be employed (e.g., force-on-force, designation, range finding, offset lasing, etc.); (j) Hazard areas to be cleared of non-operating personnel (roadblock locations, if required); (k) Types of surveillance (radar, closed-circuit television, etc.) to be used to ensure a clear range; and 6 Enclosure (6)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 (I) Radio frequencies (or channels) and standardized tenninology for communication where appropriate. (3) Ensure all personnel involved in operations receive an appropriate pre-mission brief to include: (a) Authorized tactics, firing: points, areas or lines and aircraft run-in headings (as appropriate); (b) Drawings, photographs, descriptions or grid points of authorized targets; (c) Communication procedures that include specific frequencies (or channels), controlling authorities and standardized terminology; ( d) Acquisition, identification and tracking procedures for targets are established prior to laser activation; ( e) Missile or ordnance mode of operation ( as appropriate for live fire operations); ( f) Requirements for beam tennination; (g) Control measures to minimize the risk of unauthorized personnel or aircraft entering the NHZ; (h) Type of PPE to wear (if applicable); (i) Potential hazards posed by the laser system; (j) Types of warning signs to be posted around the target area and maintenance area; (k) Potential hazards posed by the operating environment e.g., phantom targeting and backscatter; (I) Conduct and brief the hazard assessment plan; and (m)Additional joint operation requirements. ( 4) Ensure appropriate LEP is provided and worn by all personnel within the laser hazard zone, when required. (5) Ensure all aspects of the range regulations or SOPs are adhered to during the operation, exercise or test. 7 Enclosure ( 6)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 d. The LSO-RS must perfonn complete laser radiation hazard surveys and evaluations of laser ranges to identify hazards and reco1runend proper controls. These hazard surveys and evaluations will be performed on all new laser ranges, whenever changes to the range invalidate the current certification and every 3 years. Retention of range assessment certification reports will be kept per reference (n). 5. Operational Use of Lasers a. The command-level LSO that manages an activity LHCP must be certified at the appropriate level per enclosure (4) and may have subordinate unit-level LSOs. LSOs are responsible to ensure that personnel in areas where Class 3B or Class 4 lasers are used and all personnel using force-on-force lasers receive pre-deployment training about the potential hazard associated with accidental exposure to this fonn of radiation specific to the applicable laser system(s). In particular, the extraordinary danger of eye damage due to focusing and absorption by the eyes must be emphasized. Initial safety training and refresher training for operators of laser systems are outlined in enclosure (7). b. Because of the potential for specular reflectors in an uncontrolled enviromnent, PPE must be donned prior to laser use as operational requirements pennit. c. There are situations wherein conducting maintenance on a laser system is required outside of an established laboratory or maintenance facility and in an operational environment. Examples of temporary laser maintenance facilities could be shipboard (room, welldeck or conex box), land based tent or annory. Subparagraphs 5c(l) through 5c(5) provide additional guidance. (1) The temporary maintenance area or space must be enclosed and access must be controlled; (2) Maintenance personnel must be aware that some lasers classified as Class 1, 2, 3a or 3R may contain an embedded Class 3B or Class 4 laser that changes the class when attenuator, panels or protective housings are removed for servicing and maintenance; (3) When access to active laser radiation is required for maintenance and bypassing interlocks or guards is required, a temporary laser controlled area with the signs and precautions appropriate to the class of laser must be devised; ( 4) Procedures in the event oflaser over exposure (to include points of contacts with verified phone numbers and procedures to shut down the laser); (5) Follow as much guidance found in section 3 as practicable. 8 Enclosure ( 6)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 6. Laser Mishap Investigation. In the event of a laser mishap, the LSO must ensure prompt medical attention is given to laser injuries. The LSO must: a. Investigate and report laser mishaps per references (h) and (t). Ensure personnel who have been observed or suspected of receiving an overexposure of laser energy to the eyes, are seen by an ophthalmologist or optometrist as soon as possible to identify and treat injuries. Early medical intervention may lessen the severity of the damage or subsequent retinal scarring. Reference (h) describes management and treatment of personnel who have received an overexposure oflaser energy to the eyes or skin. Per references (h) an<l (k), heallh risk consultants are available to assist with investigating and reporting incidents at the DOD Tri­ Service Laser Injury Hotline, (800) 4 73-3549. Submit a laser incident report to the Naval Safety Command Risk Management Infonnation (RMI) System available at: https://navalsafetycommand.navy.mil/Resources/RMI/, per reference (h), and the TLA via email at Navy and Marine Corps [email protected]. b. Assist the mishap investigator, as appropriate. c. Ensure corrective actions are taken to prevent similar mishaps. 9 Enclosure (6)

OPNA VINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 LHCP I. Introduction. All activities that use applicable lasers and laser systems exceeding the Class 3R limit (identified in enclosure (2)), must establish a fonnal LHCP. A formal hazard control program is not required for Class I, 2 or 3R lasers and for OFCS using lasers that comply with the design and operational procedures ofreference ( d). NOTE: Activities must caution individuals using Class 3a lasers labeled with a danger label and Class 3R lasers as these devices are capable of causing severe eye damage). Special considerations, such as restricting the use of direct-view optics, are to be employed with Class IM and 2M lasers, as they may be capable of exceeding the Class 3R limit. 2. Program Requirements. The activity LHCP must include as a minimum: a. Establish an appropriate laser safety organization and issue laser safety regulations or SOPs for indoor and outdoor operations and maintenance ensuring incorporation of hazard assessment and risk mitigation processes per reference ( o ). b. The Command is required to designate, in writing, a LSO certified at the proper level. Further information is provided in enclosure (4). c. The LSO must ensure the lasers used by their command have been approved and are properly labeled with the appropriate laser hazard classification per enclosure (2). d. PPE can be defined as eyewear or clothing to protect personnel from applicable laser radiation. Protection against the laser system must focus on engineering and procedural controls per reference (!). PPE will be prescribed when engineering and procedural controls are detennined to be inadequate to eliminate radiation levels in excess of the MPE. (I) LEP that is used for combat and combat training will be approved for use by the DON Vision Laboratory. (2) LEP will be marked with OD values and wavelength at which protection is afforded, or the appropriate LEP code, and issued to involved personnel. The eyewear will provide a snug fit and will not be used ifit does not pass inspection. Before each use, and during periodic (at least annual) LSO safety inspections, LEP must be inspected for pitting, crazing, scratching, cracking, bleaching, etc., mechanical integrity and leaks using criteria specified in the applicable LEP manual. Angular dependence will be considered for certain LEP technologies. (3) Optical systems such as lenses, binoculars, telescopes, etc., may increase the hazard to the eye and may be used only when appropriate interlocks, filters or risk mitigation strategies are applied to attenuate the radiation levels below the MPE. Enclosure (7)

OPNA VINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 ( 4) For skin related PPE, appropriate gloves and clothing may suffice for lasers requiring skin protection. For extremely high-powered lasers, there is no protection available for direct exposure. Inaccessibility is the only answer. e. Operational command laser safety program audits are required to be performed annually. The audit must include, but is not limited to, a review of the SOPs, operator training, equipment condition and the condition and use of protective eyewear or other protective equipment. In addition, the operational command must be inspected to assure that any required warning devices and signs are in appropriate locations to warn unsuspecting personnel of the presence of potentially harmful laser radiation. Higher echelon command LSOs are expected to perform these audits and assist subordinate LSOs. f. Ranges are required to undergo an initial safety inspection by a certified LSO-RS. LRMT-T certification may provide additional insight into the evaluation. Range recertification is required to be performed and documented every 3 years by a LSO-RS. These hazard surveys and evaluations will be perfonned whenever changes to an existing range invalidates the current certification. Compliance inspections will be perfonned annually by an LSO-RO. Annual range safety compliance inspections include, but are not limited to, verification of range boundary warning signs, target conditions, accessibility and condition of ground laser system firing points and other laser safety controls as appropriate. g. A laser medical surveillance program must be established and maintained per reference (h). The medical surveillance manual and medical matrix can be downloaded from the Navy/Marine Corps Public Health Center at https :/ /www.med.navy.mil/Portals/62/Documents/NMF A/NM CPH C/root/Occupational %20and %20Environmental%20Medicine/mmo web/content/forms/MedicalMatrix.pdf. h. Maintain and submit all necessary records required by reference (i) per this instruction. Maintain a current inventory of all Class 3B, Class 4 and military exempt lasers (regardless of laser hazard class) and their physical locations (stored or installed) at the activity. Attributes that are required for inventory are the following: system custodian, system name, intended use, laser classification, manufacturer, date of LSRB approval, military exemption, national stock number (if known), serial numbers, in use, in repair, in storage, lost, awaiting disposal and total in possess10n. i. Post laser warning devices and signs at appropriate locations to protect unsuspecting personnel from laser radiation per enclosure (2). j. Supervision oflaser operations is the responsibility of the appointed LSO. This includes safety planning for the installation of laser systems, providing and enforcing operational procedures, ensuring employees receive appropriate training, investigating laser incidents and ensuring Class 3B and Class 4 laser firings are logged. 2 Enclosure (7)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 k. Operators participating in laser use events must receive training from the appropriate level certified LSO as to the laser or laser systems functions, features, laser safety parameters and hazard controls ( either on device or range related). This training must be given upon initial use of the laser or laser system, must be refreshed ammally and documented as appropriate by the command designated LSO. Prior to assigmnent, employees who work with lasers are to receive formal training in methods of hazard control. Establish procedures to qualify a laser operator or maintenance technician worker. Procedures will include periodic review to ensure that perso1111el are complying with requirements such as a1111ual refresher training. Per reference (aa), construction workers must have proof of their training readily available or in their possession. Topics for training may include but are not limited to: (I) Laser fundamentals including associated beam and non-beam hazards, definitions of laser hazard classifications and a discussion of how a laser works. (2) Laser system specifications, SOPs, hazard data and control measures for laser systems appropriate to the individual's job to minimize risk of accidental exposure to perso1111el. The LSO can tailor the discussion to include specific lasers used by their unit. (3) Manufacturer's operating infonnation, LSRB safety infonnation and any other safety requirements (to include non-beam hazards) or specific procedures. ( 4) Type of eye protection to be worn and any other PPE required. (5) Review of medical surveillance program or requirements per reference (h) and procedures in the event of a laser overexposure to an individual per references (h), (k) and (t). (6) Review oflocal range SOP or regulations (for operators and laser range personnel). (7) Review of maintenance precautions or requirements (for perso1111el conducting maintenance on laser devices that potentially exposes them or other personnel to the beam). (8) Other topics will be at the discretion of the supervisor in conjunction with the LSO and may consist of information interchange seminars between laser users on the usefulness of existing safety procedures, infonnation on recently discovered hazards or hazardous materials or suggestions for new safety devices. I. The emergency procedures (to include emergency shutdown procedures, laser hazard information and points of contact) are to be posted at each laser installation in a location that is safely accessible to perso1111el rendering emergency aid. It is recommended that emergency medical technicians and firefighters are trained in laser hazards and controls. This may require liaison with outside ( contractor) personnel. 3 Enclosure (7)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 m. Establish a local laser safety committee, if warranted by the magnitude of the potential hazards in local operations. A Laser Safety Committee would be warranted particularly for a command developing lasers or lasers used in a research laboratory setting. Members of a Laser Safety Committee must include management, laser safety personnel, researchers and laser users. n. In the event of a suspected or known laser overexposure, immediately seek medical attention. Reference (h) describes management and treatment of personnel who have received an overexposure oflaser energy to the eyes or skin. Per references (h) and (k), health risk consultants are available to assist with mishap investigation and reporting incidents at the DOD Tri-Service Laser Injury Hotline, (800) 473-3549. Investigate and report laser mishaps per references (h) and (t). Copies ofreports must be sent to the Naval Safety Command Risk Management Information (RMI) System available at website https://navalsafetycommand.navy.mil/Resources/RMI/, per reference (h), and the TLA via email at Navy_ and_ Marine_ Corps_ [email protected] vy .mil. Ensure corrective actions are taken to prevent similar mishaps. o. LSO must notify TLA prior to disposal of military exempt lasers. Ensure excess military exempt lasers are not sold or donated outside the DOD unless they have been brought into compliance with reference (a), received FDA registration (accession number) and the LSRB has been notified. Disposition and disposal must be per enclosure (3) and reference (p) and demilitarization per reference (q). 3. Guidance for Indoor Facility LHCP. Co1mnands that employ lasers and laser systems that are otherwise excluded from this instruction must consider: a. When developing an indoor facility LHCP, the command LSO must determine which sections of paragraph 2 above apply. b. Indoor facilities must undergo laser safety compliance inspections annually by an appropriate level LSO. The inspection must include, but is not limited to, a review of the SOPs, operator training, equipment condition and the condition and use of protective eyewear or other protective equipment ( curtains, shields, etc.). In addition, the facility will determine their requirement for warning devices and signs to ensure they are in appropriate locations to warn unsuspecting personnel of the presence of potentially hannful laser radiation. The list of secondary hazards in subparagraphs 3b(l) through 3b(l 0) must be kept in mind during evaluation: (1) Electrical hazards. (2) Use of cryogenics. (3) Compressed gases. 4 Enclosure (7)

(4) Toxic material. (5) Noise. ( 6) Arc of filament lamps. (7) Targets which may shatter. (8) Ionizing radiation. OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 (9) Collateral radiation such as visible, IR, X-Ray, RF and ultraviolet radiation from laser discharge tubes, flashlarnps or exciters. (10) Hazardous by-products may result from the reaction of the laser radiation, especially ultraviolet laser radiation, with air and other substances; for example, formation of ozone, skin irritation agents, etc. 5 Enclosure (7)

ANSI ASN (EI&E) BLSO BSO BUMED CDRH CMC SD CNO CONOPS DA DAF DASN (Safety) DLA DoD DON DUSD (I&E) ENIC ESOH FAA FDA GUI IEC IR LASC LASER LEP LGAC LHCP LNRLSG LNTL LRC LRMT LRMT-I LRMT-T LRSM LSO-U LSO-RO LSO-RS LSS LSSWG ACRONYMS American National Standards Institute OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Energy, Installations and Environment) Basic Laser Safety Officer Budget Submitting Office Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Center for Devices and Radiological Health Commandant of the Marine Corps Safety Division Chief of Naval Operations Concept of Operations Department of the Anny Department of the Air Force Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Safety) Defense Logistics Agency Depa1iment of Defense Department of the Navy Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Installations and Environment) Exemption Notification Identification Code Environment, Safety & Occupational Health Federal Aviation Administration Food and Drug Administration Graphical User Interface International Electrotechnical Commission Infrared Lasing Activities Safety Certification Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission Of Radiation Laser Eye Protection Laser Generated Air Contaminates Laser Hazard Control Program Lead Naval Range Laser Safety Group Lead Naval Technical Laboratory Laser Range Controller Laser Range Management Tool Laser Range Management Tool - Instructor Laser Range Management Tool-Training Laser Range Safety Manager Laser Safety Officer - Unit Laser Safety Officer - Range Owner Laser Safety Officer - Range Specialist Laser Safety Specialist Laser System Safety Working Group Enclosure (8)

LSTDP MLA MPE NAVAIR NHZ NLRCTP NOHD OD OFCS OPNAV PPE RM RLSC-DL RTAM SECDEF SOP TECOM TLA TTP USMC USN Laser Safety Technical Data Package Medical Lead Agent Maximum Pennissible Exposure Naval Air Command Nominal Hazard Zone Navy Laser Range Ce1iification Training Program Nominal Ocular Hazard Distances Optical Density Optical Fiber Communication Systems Office of the Chief of Naval Operations Personnel Protective Equipment Risk Management Range Laser Safety Course - Distance Leaming Range and Training Area Management Secretaiy of Defense Standard Operating Procedure Training and Education Command Technical Lead Agent Tactics, Techniques and Procedures United States Marine Corps United States Navy 2 OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 Enclosure (8)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 GLOSSARY I. Applicable Lasers. All laser products required to be reviewed by the LSRB. This would include laser products that meet the definition of combat or combat training that are capable of emitting accessible laser radiation in excess of Class 3R limits and all military exempt lasers regardless of their classification. Lasers and laser systems planned solely for industrial, construction, medical or indoor expe1imental laboratory use are not required to be reviewed by the LSRB. 2. Combat and Combat Training Lasers. Laser products used by the military for: a. Designating, marking or illuminating targets; b. Detennining the distance to a target for development of a ballistic solution; c. Assisting in the navigation of manned or umnanned vehicles (ground, underwater, and air) used to deliver munitions to a target or used for combat reconnaissance; d. Communications between combat forces; e. Disabling or destroying targets; f. Dazzling targets; g. Detecting mines 3. Laser. An acronym for light amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Any device that can produce or amplify electromagnetic radiation in the x-ray, ultraviolet, visible, infrared or other portions of the spectrum by the process of controlled stimulated emission of photons. 4. Laser Hazard Evaluation (LHE). A LHE includes measurements of the laser output parameters to detennine the hazard class of the laser, minimum required eye protection and the distance from the laser where radiation levels fall below the current protection standards for the eyes and skin. For laser systems that are eligible for application of the military exemption as outlined in DODI 6055.15 and SECNAVINST 5100.14E, the evaluation includes a check for conformance with MIL-STD-1425A. For laser systems that are not eligible for application of the military exemption, the evaluation includes a check for compliance with the Code of Federal Regulations, reference (a), Part 1040, identified as the Perfonnance Standards for Light-Emitting Products. It also provides recommendations to eliminate exposure of personnel to hazardous optical radiation from these devices. A LHE is performed on all laser systems regardless oflaser hazard class that are not excluded per paragraph 10 of this instruction. Enclosure (9)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.lD 25 Jun 2025 5. Laser Product. Any manufactured product or assemblage of components which constitutes, incorporates or is intended to incorporate a laser or laser system. A laser or laser system that is intended for use as a component ofan electronic product must itself be considered a laser product. 6. LSRB. The LSRB is a Naval advisory review authority on laser safety as established by this instruction. The LSRB provides laser systems safety reviews of all applicable lasers. The LSRB provides an advisory concur or non-concur position and findings on utilization of Military Exempt lasers and approve or disapprove for lasers that are in compliance with reference (a). The position and findings must be incorporated into the procuring activities safety assessment report for all phases of use. 7. Laser Use Area. An area where laser use is expected. This area has been reviewed to identify outstanding hazards and appropriate mitigations and subsequently approved for laser use. Laser use areas can include ranges certified for laser use, as well as areas that have not been certified. Areas that are not certified ranges for laser use require a through hazard analysis on a case-by-case basis. A Laser Use Areas is best suited for short tenn laser use for laser systems that have relatively short hazard distances (where the laser operator is likely able to ensure safe use). 8. Military Exempt Laser. A laser product, regardless of laser hazard classification, designated by the Program Office as eligible according to reference (x) based upon the system meeting the criteria listed in subparagraphs 8(a) through 8(d): a. The laser product is procured and used exclusively by the DoD; b. The laser product is designed for actual combat or combat training, or is classified in the interest of national security; c. The laser product cannot comply with the Perfonnance Standards for Light-Emitting Products, as expressed in reference (a), due to mission requirements (e.g., an illuminated firing indication could compromise camouflage); d. Laser products meeting the crite1ia in (a) through (c) are exempted from requirements of reference (a), which interfere with mission requirements. Laser products used in research, development, test or evaluation can be military exempt lasers. 9. Outdoor Laser Range. A designated land or water area that is set aside, managed and used for laser range activities by the DoD. Outdoor Laser Ranges include: a. Firing lines and positions, maneuver areas, firing lanes, test pads, detonation pads, impact areas, electronic scoring sites, buffer zones with restricted access and exclusionary areas. 2 Enclosure (9)

OPNAVINST 5100.27C MCO 5104.ID 25 Jun 2025 b. Airspace areas designated for military use per regulations and procedures prescribed by the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). 3 Enclosure (9)